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江戸時代

Edo

1603 - 1868

Overview

Over 250 years of peace under the Tokugawa shogunate. Japan was closed to the outside world, allowing a unique urban culture to flourish in Edo (Tokyo).

Significance

The era of Kabuki, Ukiyo-e, and the merchant class. High literacy rates led to a boom in publishing.

Yokai Context

The Golden Age of Yokai. Artists like Toriyama Sekien cataloged yokai in encyclopedias (Bestiaries). Yokai shifted from feared entities to sources of entertainment and collectibles.

Key Events

1776

Publication of Gazu Hyakki Yagyo

Toriyama Sekien's first yokai encyclopedia.

ConnectionStandardized the appearance of many yokai for the first time.

Yokai from Edo Period

子泣き爺

Konaki Jijii

子泣き爺

Konaki Jijii is a deceptive spirit, known for crushing victims with its weight, and is often found on mountain roads.

tag-dangeroustag-mountaintag-baby
Shikoku
犬神

Inugami

犬神

Inugami are dog spirits created through a cruel ritual to serve as familiars. They bring wealth and power to their owners (Inugami-mochi) but can also curse enemies or bite the hand that feeds them.

tag-spirittag-possessiontag-dog
Shikoku
磯撫

Isonade

磯撫

A massive, shark-like sea monster that patrols the coasts of Western Japan. It has a giant tail covered in barbs which it uses to hook sailors from their boats and drag them into the deep.

tag-seatag-monstertag-shark
Kyushu
絡新婦

Jorogumo

絡新婦

The Jorogumo is a giant spider yokai that can transform into a beautiful woman. It lures men into quiet places, seduces them, and then binds them in sticky webs to devour them later.

tag-spidertag-dangeroustag-seduction
Kanto
古戦場火

Kosenjoubi

古戦場火

Kosenjoubi is a ghost fire, known for floating over battlegrounds, and is often found on old battlefields.

tag-firetag-ghosttag-warrior
百目

Hyakume

百目

Hyakume is a mysterious fleshy monster, known for having a hundred eyes, and is often found in old temples.

tag-monstertag-eyetag-guardian
狐者異

Kowai

狐者異

Kowai is a hungry ghost, known for its insatiable appetite, and is often found near food stalls.

tag-gluttonytag-demontag-scary
Kaichigo

Kaichigo

貝児

A tsukumogami (object spirit) born from a kai-awase (shell-matching game) set. It appears as a child playing with the shells.

tag-childtag-objecttag-cute
Kitsunebi

Kitsunebi

狐火

Kitsunebi is a spirit orb, known for appearing as ghostly fire, and is often found in fields or mountains.

tag-firetag-foxtag-spirit
KantoTohoku
Itsuki

Itsuki

縊鬼

A terrifying ghost of someone who committed suicide by hanging. It seeks to trick or force living people into hanging themselves so that the Itsuki can be freed from its torment and reincarnate.

tag-ghosttag-scarytag-violent
Dodomeki

Dodomeki

百々目鬼

Dodomeki is a cursed demon, known for having arms covered in eyes, and is often found in towns.

tag-womantag-demontag-curse
Kanto
Korouri

Korouri

虎狼狸

Korouri is a chimeric beast, known for spreading cholera, and is often found in urban areas.

tag-diseasetag-chimeratag-beast