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The Regional Landscape Print

Shikoku

Region

四国

🗻Landscape Missing
Fig 1. View of the provinceUkiyo-e Archives

Island of Pilgrimage

Sacred paths guarded by spirits and ancient temple guardians

Shikoku Knowledge

Shikoku is the smallest of Japan's four main islands, renowned for its spiritual heritage and natural beauty. It is most famous for the 88 Temple Pilgrimage, a 1,200-kilometer loop that encircles the island. Its isolation has helped preserve a slower, more traditional pace of life.

History & Legends

Traditionally isolated from the mainland, Shikoku developed a unique identity. It is the birthplace of the monk Kukai (Kobo Daishi), founder of Shingon Buddhism. In the 19th century, the Tosa domain (modern Kochi) produced key revolutionary figures like Sakamoto Ryoma who helped overthrow the Shogunate.

Cultural Heritage

The 'Henro' (pilgrimage) culture of hospitality deeply influences the local mindset; locals traditionally offer support to walking pilgrims. The Awa Odori in Tokushima is one of Japan's most energetic dance festivals. The island is also famous for Sanuki Udon noodles and Yosakoi dancing.

Geography

Shikoku is mountainous and lush, with the Yoshino River cutting through deep valleys like the Oboke Gorge. It faces the calm Inland Sea to the north and the open Pacific Ocean to the south, creating distinct climate zones even within the small island.

Chronicles of the Land

815

Kukai Establishes Pilgrimage

Kobo Daishi is said to have established the 88 Sacred Sites, creating a spiritual circuit still walked today.

1866

Sakamoto Ryoma's Alliance

Shikoku native Ryoma brokers the alliance that would eventually topple the Tokugawa Shogunate.

1988

Seto Ohashi Bridge Opens

The massive bridge system connects Shikoku to Honshu by road and rail for the first time.

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